63. Send-Receive


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The send-receive operations combine in one call the sending of a message to one destination and the receiving of another message, from another process. The two (source and destination) are possibly the same. A send-receive operation is very useful for executing a shift operation across a chain of processes. If blocking sends and receives are used for such a shift, then one needs to order the sends and receives correctly (for example, even processes send, then receive, odd processes receive first, then send) so as to prevent cyclic dependencies that may lead to deadlock. When a send-receive operation is used, the communication subsystem takes care of these issues. The send-receive operation can be used in conjunction with the functions described in Chapter Process Topologies in order to perform shifts on various logical topologies. Also, a send-receive operation is useful for implementing remote procedure calls.

A message sent by a send-receive operation can be received by a regular receive operation or probed by a probe operation; a send-receive operation can receive a message sent by a regular send operation.

MPI_SENDRECV(sendbuf, sendcount, sendtype, dest, sendtag, recvbuf, recvcount, recvtype, source, recvtag, comm, status)
IN sendbufinitial address of send buffer (choice)
IN sendcountnumber of elements in send buffer (non-negative integer)
IN sendtypetype of elements in send buffer (handle)
IN destrank of destination (integer)
IN sendtagsend tag (integer)
OUT recvbufinitial address of receive buffer (choice)
IN recvcountnumber of elements in receive buffer (non-negative integer)
IN recvtype type of elements in receive buffer (handle)
IN sourcerank of source (integer)
IN recvtagreceive tag (integer)
IN commcommunicator (handle)
OUT statusstatus object (Status)

int MPI_Sendrecv(void *sendbuf, int sendcount, MPI_Datatype sendtype, int dest, int sendtag, void *recvbuf, int recvcount, MPI_Datatype recvtype, int source, int recvtag, MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Status *status)

MPI_SENDRECV(SENDBUF, SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, DEST, SENDTAG, RECVBUF, RECVCOUNT, RECVTYPE, SOURCE, RECVTAG, COMM, STATUS, IERROR)
<type> SENDBUF(*), RECVBUF(*)
INTEGER SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, DEST, SENDTAG, RECVCOUNT, RECVTYPE, SOURCE, RECVTAG, COMM, STATUS(MPI_STATUS_SIZE), IERROR
void MPI::Comm::Sendrecv(const void *sendbuf, int sendcount, const MPI::Datatype& sendtype, int dest, int sendtag, void *recvbuf, int recvcount, const MPI::Datatype& recvtype, int source, int recvtag, MPI::Status& status) const
void MPI::Comm::Sendrecv(const void *sendbuf, int sendcount, const MPI::Datatype& sendtype, int dest, int sendtag, void *recvbuf, int recvcount, const MPI::Datatype& recvtype, int source, int recvtag) const

Execute a blocking send and receive operation. Both send and receive use the same communicator, but possibly different tags. The send buffer and receive buffers must be disjoint, and may have different lengths and datatypes.

The semantics of a send-receive operation is what would be obtained if the caller forked two concurrent threads, one to execute the send, and one to execute the receive, followed by a join of these two threads.
MPI_SENDRECV_REPLACE(buf, count, datatype, dest, sendtag, source, recvtag, comm, status)
INOUT bufinitial address of send and receive buffer (choice)
IN countnumber of elements in send and receive buffer (non-negative integer)
IN datatypetype of elements in send and receive buffer (handle)
IN destrank of destination (integer)
IN sendtagsend message tag (integer)
IN sourcerank of source (integer)
IN recvtagreceive message tag (integer)
IN commcommunicator (handle)
OUT statusstatus object (Status)

int MPI_Sendrecv_replace(void* buf, int count, MPI_Datatype datatype, int dest, int sendtag, int source, int recvtag, MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Status *status)

MPI_SENDRECV_REPLACE(BUF, COUNT, DATATYPE, DEST, SENDTAG, SOURCE, RECVTAG, COMM, STATUS, IERROR)
<type> BUF(*)
INTEGER COUNT, DATATYPE, DEST, SENDTAG, SOURCE, RECVTAG, COMM, STATUS(MPI_STATUS_SIZE), IERROR
void MPI::Comm::Sendrecv_replace(void* buf, int count, const MPI::Datatype& datatype, int dest, int sendtag, int source, int recvtag, MPI::Status& status) const
void MPI::Comm::Sendrecv_replace(void* buf, int count, const MPI::Datatype& datatype, int dest, int sendtag, int source, int recvtag) const

Execute a blocking send and receive. The same buffer is used both for the send and for the receive, so that the message sent is replaced by the message received.


Advice to implementors.

Additional intermediate buffering is needed for the ``replace'' variant. ( End of advice to implementors.)



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